9+ Ways Property Managers Find Tenants: A Guide


9+ Ways Property Managers Find Tenants: A Guide

Locating suitable occupants for rental properties is a core function of property management. This involves advertising vacancies, screening applicants, and ultimately, selecting residents who meet pre-defined criteria. For example, this might include verifying income, checking references, and assessing credit history. A well-executed tenant placement process contributes significantly to the financial success and smooth operation of a rental property.

Effective occupant placement minimizes vacancy periods, reduces potential financial losses, and helps maintain property value. Historically, finding renters often relied on local networks, newspaper advertisements, and physical signage. The advent of online platforms and digital marketing strategies has significantly expanded the reach and efficiency of this process, enabling connections between property managers and prospective residents across wider geographical areas. This shift has also introduced new tools and techniques for streamlining tenant screening and selection.

The following sections will explore the various aspects of attracting and securing reliable residents, covering topics such as marketing strategies, legal considerations, and best practices for tenant communication.

1. Marketing Vacancies

Attracting qualified tenants hinges on effective marketing of vacant properties. This process directly addresses the core question of how property managers secure occupants. Strategic marketing efforts bridge the gap between available units and potential renters, making the difference between prolonged vacancies and profitable occupancy.

  • Targeted Advertising

    Reaching the right audience requires utilizing appropriate channels. This could include online listings on popular real estate platforms, social media campaigns targeting specific demographics, or traditional methods such as print advertising in local publications. Choosing the right platform ensures that marketing efforts reach prospective tenants actively seeking rental properties, maximizing the potential for successful placements.

  • High-Quality Presentation

    Showcasing a propertys best features is essential. Professional photographs, virtual tours, and detailed descriptions create a compelling narrative that attracts interest. For instance, highlighting updated kitchens or spacious layouts can significantly influence a prospective tenants decision-making process. Accurate and appealing presentations minimize inquiries from unqualified applicants and expedite the leasing process.

  • Competitive Pricing

    Market research plays a vital role in setting optimal rental rates. Analyzing comparable properties in the area helps determine a price point that attracts tenants while maximizing returns for property owners. Accurately assessing market value ensures that properties remain competitive and minimizes vacancy periods. Overpricing can deter potential renters, while underpricing can result in lost revenue.

  • Prompt Communication

    Responsiveness to inquiries is paramount. Promptly answering questions, scheduling showings, and providing necessary information cultivates a positive impression and demonstrates professionalism. Efficient communication builds trust with potential tenants and can be a deciding factor in securing a lease. Delays in communication can lead to missed opportunities and prolonged vacancies.

These facets of marketing vacancies collectively contribute to the overall success of tenant placement. A well-executed marketing strategy generates a pool of qualified applicants, leading to faster occupancy and increased profitability for property owners. Ultimately, effective marketing is a cornerstone of successful property management and directly impacts the ability to secure reliable, long-term tenants.

2. Screening Applicants

Thorough tenant screening is integral to the process of securing reliable, long-term occupants for rental properties. It serves as a critical risk management tool, mitigating potential issues such as late rent payments, property damage, and legal disputes. Effective screening directly contributes to the financial success and smooth operation of a rental property by ensuring the selection of responsible and qualified tenants.

  • Background Checks

    Background checks provide crucial information about an applicant’s rental history, creditworthiness, and criminal background. These reports offer insights into an applicant’s financial responsibility and potential risks. For example, a history of evictions or consistently late payments could indicate future problems. This information empowers property managers to make informed decisions that protect property owners’ investments.

  • Credit Reports

    Credit reports offer a detailed overview of an applicant’s financial history, including debt levels, payment patterns, and credit score. This data provides a valuable assessment of financial stability and the ability to meet rent obligations. A low credit score or a history of delinquent accounts may suggest a higher risk of late or missed rent payments. Analyzing credit reports allows property managers to identify applicants with a proven track record of financial responsibility.

  • Income Verification

    Verifying an applicant’s income ensures they have the financial capacity to meet rent obligations. This process typically involves requesting pay stubs, tax returns, or bank statements. Sufficient income provides assurance that rent payments will be made consistently and on time. For instance, requiring proof of income at least three times the monthly rent helps ensure affordability and reduces the risk of late payments.

  • Reference Checks

    Contacting previous landlords offers valuable insights into an applicant’s rental history and behavior. These conversations can reveal information about past payment habits, property maintenance, and adherence to lease terms. Positive references from previous landlords corroborate the applicant’s suitability and reliability as a tenant. Conversely, negative feedback can highlight potential risks and help prevent future issues.

These screening practices are essential for minimizing risks and maximizing the likelihood of securing dependable tenants. By meticulously evaluating applicants, property managers contribute significantly to the long-term financial success and stability of rental properties. This rigorous approach to screening directly aligns with the core objective of finding and placing tenants who will uphold their lease agreements and contribute to a positive rental experience for all parties involved.

3. Lease Agreements

Lease agreements are the cornerstone of the tenant-landlord relationship, formalizing the terms and conditions of occupancy. A well-drafted lease is essential for protecting the interests of both parties and plays a critical role in the success of a property manager’s efforts to secure and retain reliable tenants. It provides a framework for a positive and legally sound tenancy, minimizing potential disputes and contributing to the overall stability of the rental property.

  • Clear Terms and Conditions

    A comprehensive lease agreement clearly outlines the responsibilities of both the landlord and tenant. This includes details such as the payment of rent, duration of the tenancy, permitted use of the property, and procedures for maintenance requests. For example, specifying the due date for rent and any applicable late fees eliminates ambiguity and ensures both parties are aware of their financial obligations. Clear terms minimize misunderstandings and contribute to a smoother tenancy.

  • Legal Protection

    A legally sound lease agreement provides a framework for resolving disputes and enforcing the agreed-upon terms. It outlines the legal recourse available to both parties in case of breaches or disagreements. For instance, a clause addressing the process for handling property damage protects the landlord’s investment and ensures the tenant understands their responsibilities. A well-drafted lease serves as a legally binding document that protects the interests of all parties involved.

  • Financial Stability

    Lease agreements establish a predictable income stream for property owners by outlining the rent amount, payment schedule, and procedures for rent increases. This predictability facilitates financial planning and contributes to the overall financial stability of the investment. Clearly defined payment terms minimize the risk of late or missed rent payments, ensuring a consistent cash flow for the property owner. This financial stability is a key factor in attracting and retaining quality tenants.

  • Property Maintenance

    The lease agreement often outlines the responsibilities for property maintenance, specifying who is responsible for repairs and upkeep. This clarity helps prevent disputes and ensures the property is maintained in good condition. For example, specifying the tenant’s responsibility for lawn care or minor repairs clarifies expectations and helps maintain the property’s value. Clear guidelines for maintenance contribute to a positive tenant experience and protect the long-term value of the property.

By establishing clear expectations and providing a legally sound framework, a comprehensive lease agreement is fundamental to successful tenant placement and retention. It reinforces the professional approach of the property manager, contributing to a positive and stable landlord-tenant relationship. Ultimately, a well-drafted lease agreement is a vital tool for mitigating risks, protecting investments, and ensuring the long-term success of a rental property.

4. Move-in Inspections

Move-in inspections are a critical component of the tenant placement process, directly impacting the long-term success of a rental property. These inspections, conducted before a tenant takes occupancy, establish a clear record of the property’s condition. This documented assessment serves as a baseline for comparison at the end of the tenancy, protecting both landlords and tenants from disputes regarding pre-existing damage or wear and tear. This proactive approach contributes significantly to a positive landlord-tenant relationship and minimizes potential conflict related to security deposit deductions.

Consider a scenario where a tenant moves into a unit with a pre-existing scratch on a hardwood floor. Without a move-in inspection documenting this imperfection, the landlord might mistakenly deduct the cost of repair from the tenant’s security deposit at the end of the lease term. Conversely, a thorough move-in inspection, including photographic evidence, clearly establishes the pre-existing condition, protecting the tenant from unwarranted charges. This meticulous documentation provides a factual basis for assessing any damage occurring during the tenancy, ensuring fair and transparent dealings between both parties. This process ultimately fosters trust and contributes to a smoother tenancy overall.

Thorough move-in inspections, therefore, serve as a cornerstone of responsible property management. They protect the interests of both landlords and tenants, minimizing potential disputes and promoting positive relationships. This proactive approach not only safeguards against misunderstandings but also reinforces the professional management of the property, ultimately contributing to tenant satisfaction and long-term occupancy. By preventing disagreements and fostering transparency, move-in inspections are an essential aspect of securing and retaining reliable tenants, directly supporting the core function of property management finding and placing suitable occupants.

5. Tenant Communication

Effective communication is crucial for successful tenant management and directly influences a property manager’s ability to secure and retain reliable occupants. Open and consistent communication fosters a positive landlord-tenant relationship, minimizes misunderstandings, and contributes to a harmonious tenancy. It plays a vital role throughout the entire tenancy lifecycle, from the initial inquiry to the final move-out inspection.

  • Prompt Responsiveness

    Responding promptly to tenant inquiries, maintenance requests, and other communications demonstrates professionalism and respect. Timely responses build trust and contribute to tenant satisfaction. For instance, addressing a maintenance issue quickly minimizes disruption to the tenant’s life and reinforces the property manager’s commitment to their well-being. This responsiveness can be a deciding factor for tenants choosing between properties and significantly impacts tenant retention.

  • Clear and Concise Messaging

    Using clear and concise language ensures that all parties understand expectations and responsibilities. Ambiguity can lead to misunderstandings and disputes. For example, providing clear instructions regarding rent payment methods or procedures for submitting maintenance requests minimizes confusion and promotes smooth operations. This clarity contributes to a positive rental experience and reduces the likelihood of miscommunication.

  • Regular Updates and Notifications

    Keeping tenants informed about property-related matters, such as planned maintenance or community events, fosters a sense of community and transparency. Regular updates demonstrate proactive communication and build a stronger landlord-tenant relationship. For instance, notifying tenants in advance of scheduled maintenance minimizes disruption and demonstrates consideration for their schedules. This proactive approach enhances tenant satisfaction and promotes a positive living environment.

  • Respectful and Professional Interactions

    Maintaining a respectful and professional demeanor in all interactions, both written and verbal, is essential for building trust and rapport with tenants. Treating tenants with courtesy and respect fosters a positive relationship and minimizes potential conflict. This professional approach contributes to a harmonious living environment and encourages tenants to communicate openly with property management. Respectful communication is a cornerstone of successful tenant management and directly influences tenant satisfaction and retention.

These communication practices are integral to successful property management and contribute significantly to attracting and retaining quality tenants. Effective communication minimizes vacancies, reduces potential disputes, and enhances the overall rental experience for both landlords and tenants. By prioritizing clear, consistent, and respectful communication, property managers build strong landlord-tenant relationships, ultimately supporting the core objective of finding and placing reliable occupants in rental properties.

6. Legal Compliance

Legal compliance forms an essential foundation for property managers seeking to place tenants. Adherence to fair housing laws, local ordinances, and state regulations is not merely a procedural necessity but a critical factor impacting the entire process, from marketing vacancies to executing lease agreements. Non-compliance can expose property managers and owners to legal repercussions, financial penalties, and reputational damage, significantly hindering the ability to attract and retain tenants. For instance, a property manager advertising a unit as “ideal for families” could be construed as discriminatory against other protected classes under fair housing laws. Such practices not only create legal vulnerabilities but also erode trust with prospective tenants. Understanding and adhering to legal requirements is therefore not just a matter of avoiding penalties; it builds credibility and fosters a positive image within the community.

Furthermore, legal compliance plays a key role in creating a safe and habitable environment for tenants. Adherence to building codes and safety regulations ensures the well-being of occupants and mitigates risks for property owners. For example, neglecting required lead paint disclosures in older properties not only violates federal law but also exposes tenants to potential health hazards. Such oversights can result in legal action, significant financial costs, and damage to the property manager’s reputation. By prioritizing legal compliance, property managers demonstrate a commitment to tenant safety and responsible property management, ultimately attracting and retaining responsible occupants.

In conclusion, legal compliance is inextricably linked to a property manager’s success in finding and placing tenants. It is a proactive measure that safeguards both property owners and tenants while ensuring fair and ethical practices. By prioritizing adherence to all applicable laws and regulations, property managers build trust, minimize risks, and cultivate a positive reputation within the community. This commitment to legal compliance ultimately strengthens their ability to attract and retain reliable tenants, contributing to the long-term success and stability of rental properties.

7. Rent Collection

Rent collection is inextricably linked to the core function of property managementfinding and placing suitable tenants. While finding tenants initiates the landlord-tenant relationship, consistent rent collection sustains it and ensures the financial viability of the property investment. Effective rent collection practices contribute directly to property owner satisfaction and enable property managers to maintain and improve the property, ultimately attracting and retaining high-quality tenants. A robust rent collection process also minimizes financial risks associated with late payments, defaults, and legal disputes, ensuring the long-term success of the rental property.

  • Consistent Collection Procedures

    Establishing clear and consistent rent collection procedures, including due dates, accepted payment methods, and late payment policies, is crucial for maintaining a predictable income stream. This consistency provides tenants with clear expectations and minimizes misunderstandings. For example, offering online payment options simplifies the process for tenants and automates record-keeping for property managers. Consistent procedures minimize late payments and foster a professional relationship between property management and tenants.

  • Legal Compliance and Enforcement

    Adhering to all applicable laws and regulations regarding rent collection, including late fees and eviction procedures, is essential for protecting the rights of both landlords and tenants. Strict adherence to legal guidelines ensures that all actions taken are justifiable and minimizes potential legal disputes. For instance, providing proper notice before initiating eviction proceedings is a legal requirement that protects tenants’ rights and safeguards property managers from legal challenges. Operating within the legal framework is critical for maintaining positive landlord-tenant relationships and ensuring smooth rent collection processes.

  • Financial Record Keeping

    Maintaining accurate and detailed records of all rent payments, late fees, and other financial transactions related to the property is essential for financial transparency and accountability. Meticulous record-keeping facilitates financial reporting for property owners and provides a clear audit trail in case of discrepancies. For example, utilizing property management software to track payments and generate reports simplifies accounting processes and ensures accuracy. Detailed financial records contribute to efficient property management and demonstrate professionalism to both owners and tenants.

  • Communication and Relationship Management

    Open and proactive communication with tenants regarding rent payments, due dates, and any potential payment issues is crucial for maintaining a positive landlord-tenant relationship. Addressing payment concerns promptly and respectfully can often prevent late payments and avoid escalating situations. For instance, contacting a tenant who has missed a payment to inquire about any potential difficulties demonstrates care and can facilitate a timely resolution. Effective communication strengthens the landlord-tenant relationship and contributes to consistent rent collection.

These facets of rent collection are integral to the overall success of a rental property and directly impact the ability to secure and retain reliable tenants. Consistent rent collection not only ensures the financial stability of the property but also reflects the professional management of the property, attracting responsible tenants who value a well-maintained and efficiently managed living environment. By implementing effective rent collection practices, property managers create a stable and positive rental experience for both tenants and property owners, contributing to long-term success in the rental market.

8. Property Maintenance

Property maintenance plays a crucial role in the success of attracting and retaining tenants. Well-maintained properties attract a higher caliber of tenant, command higher rental rates, and minimize vacancy periods. Neglecting maintenance can lead to tenant dissatisfaction, increased turnover, and diminished property value. This section explores the key facets of property maintenance and their direct impact on tenant acquisition and retention.

  • Proactive Maintenance

    Addressing maintenance issues promptly, before they escalate into major problems, demonstrates a commitment to tenant well-being and protects the property’s value. Proactive maintenance, such as regular inspections and preventative repairs, minimizes disruptions to tenants and reduces the likelihood of costly emergency repairs. For instance, regularly servicing HVAC systems can prevent breakdowns during extreme weather conditions, ensuring tenant comfort and avoiding potential damage to the property. This proactive approach creates a positive tenant experience and contributes to long-term tenant satisfaction.

  • Responsive Repairs

    Responding quickly and efficiently to tenant maintenance requests is essential for maintaining positive tenant relationships and minimizing disruptions. Prompt repairs demonstrate responsiveness and respect for tenant needs. For example, addressing a leaky faucet quickly prevents further damage and demonstrates a commitment to maintaining a comfortable living environment. Efficient handling of maintenance requests fosters trust and contributes to tenant retention.

  • Curb Appeal and Aesthetics

    Maintaining the property’s exterior appearance, including landscaping, paint, and overall cleanliness, creates a positive first impression and enhances curb appeal. A well-maintained exterior attracts prospective tenants and enhances the property’s value. For instance, regularly mowing the lawn and maintaining landscaping creates an inviting atmosphere and enhances the property’s aesthetic appeal. This attention to detail can be a deciding factor for prospective tenants choosing between properties.

  • Safety and Security

    Ensuring the safety and security of tenants is paramount. Regularly inspecting and maintaining security systems, smoke detectors, and other safety features provides peace of mind for tenants and protects the property from potential risks. For example, installing and maintaining functioning smoke detectors is not only a legal requirement in many jurisdictions but also a crucial safety measure that protects tenants’ lives and property. Prioritizing safety and security demonstrates a commitment to tenant well-being and enhances the property’s desirability.

These facets of property maintenance are integral to attracting and retaining quality tenants. A well-maintained property not only enhances its market appeal but also fosters positive tenant relationships, minimizing vacancies and maximizing returns for property owners. By prioritizing property maintenance, property managers demonstrate a commitment to providing a comfortable, safe, and desirable living environment, ultimately supporting their core function of securing and retaining reliable occupants.

9. Minimizing Vacancy

Minimizing vacancy periods is a central objective of effective property management and directly relates to the core function of securing suitable tenants. Vacant properties represent lost income and increased expenses for property owners. Therefore, reducing vacancy rates is paramount for maximizing profitability and ensuring the financial success of a rental property. Effective tenant placement and retention strategies are crucial for achieving this goal.

  • Swift Tenant Placement

    Rapidly filling vacancies minimizes lost revenue and ensures a consistent income stream for property owners. Effective marketing, efficient application processing, and prompt communication with prospective tenants are crucial for achieving swift placements. For instance, utilizing online listing platforms and conducting virtual tours can expedite the leasing process, reducing the time a property remains vacant. This efficiency directly contributes to the financial success of the property and reinforces the value of professional property management.

  • Tenant Retention Strategies

    Retaining existing tenants is a cost-effective way to minimize vacancy periods. Providing a positive living experience, addressing maintenance issues promptly, and fostering open communication contribute to tenant satisfaction and encourage lease renewals. For example, implementing a tenant portal for online rent payments and maintenance requests can enhance convenience and improve tenant satisfaction, leading to higher retention rates. Retaining good tenants reduces turnover costs and minimizes vacancy-related losses.

  • Competitive Market Analysis

    Understanding the local rental market is essential for setting competitive rental rates and attracting qualified tenants. Regularly analyzing market trends, comparing rental rates for similar properties, and adjusting pricing strategies accordingly ensures that properties remain competitive and attract prospective tenants. For instance, overpricing a property can lead to extended vacancy periods, while underpricing can result in lost revenue. Accurate market analysis helps optimize rental rates to minimize vacancies and maximize profitability.

  • Property Condition and Appeal

    Maintaining the property in good condition, both aesthetically and functionally, is crucial for attracting and retaining tenants. Regular maintenance, prompt repairs, and attention to curb appeal enhance the property’s desirability and minimize vacancy risks. For example, investing in upgrades like energy-efficient appliances or modernizing interior finishes can attract higher-quality tenants willing to pay premium rents. Maintaining a desirable property minimizes vacancy periods and maximizes its market value.

These facets of minimizing vacancy are integral to successful property management. By implementing effective strategies for attracting and retaining tenants, property managers contribute significantly to the financial success of rental properties. Minimizing vacancy periods directly correlates with increased profitability and demonstrates the value of professional property management in maximizing returns for property owners. Ultimately, minimizing vacancy reinforces the connection between finding qualified tenants and achieving financial success in the rental market.

Frequently Asked Questions

This section addresses common inquiries regarding the role of property managers in securing tenants.

Question 1: How do property managers typically find potential tenants?

Property managers employ various strategies, including online listings on real estate platforms, social media marketing, networking with local businesses and relocation services, and traditional advertising methods such as signage and print media.

Question 2: What screening processes do property managers use to select tenants?

Standard screening procedures include background checks, credit reports, income verification, and reference checks from previous landlords. These processes help assess an applicant’s suitability and minimize risks for property owners.

Question 3: What are the typical fees associated with using a property manager to find a tenant?

Fees vary depending on market conditions and specific services offered. Some common fee structures include a one-time placement fee, equivalent to a percentage of the first month’s rent, or a leasing fee covering advertising and tenant screening. Ongoing management fees are typically a percentage of the monthly rent collected.

Question 4: How long does it typically take a property manager to find a tenant?

Timeframes can vary depending on factors such as market conditions, property location, and rental price. In a competitive market, well-priced properties can be leased quickly, while properties in less desirable locations or with higher rents may take longer to fill.

Question 5: What are the benefits of using a property manager to secure tenants compared to finding tenants independently?

Property managers provide expertise in marketing, tenant screening, lease preparation, and legal compliance, saving property owners time and mitigating potential risks. Their established networks and market knowledge can often result in faster tenant placements and higher-quality tenants.

Question 6: What role does a property manager play once a tenant has been placed?

Beyond tenant placement, property managers often handle ongoing responsibilities such as rent collection, maintenance coordination, lease enforcement, and communication with tenants, ensuring the smooth operation of the rental property.

Securing suitable tenants is a complex process requiring expertise and market knowledge. Property managers provide valuable services that streamline this process, mitigate risks, and maximize returns for property owners. Careful consideration of these frequently asked questions provides a clearer understanding of the value and benefits of professional property management.

For further information regarding specific property management services, please consult with a licensed property management professional.

Tips for Effective Tenant Placement

Successful tenant placement requires a strategic approach. The following tips provide guidance for property managers seeking to optimize their processes and secure reliable occupants.

Tip 1: Understand Local Market Dynamics

Thorough market research is essential. Analyzing comparable properties, vacancy rates, and prevailing rental prices informs effective pricing strategies and targeted marketing efforts. Understanding local demographics helps identify the target audience and tailor marketing campaigns accordingly.

Tip 2: Craft Compelling Property Listings

High-quality photographs, detailed descriptions, and virtual tours showcase a property’s strengths and attract prospective tenants. Highlighting key features such as updated appliances, spacious layouts, or convenient locations increases interest and generates inquiries from qualified applicants.

Tip 3: Implement a Rigorous Screening Process

Thorough screening minimizes risks. Consistent application of background checks, credit reports, income verification, and reference checks helps select responsible tenants with a history of financial stability and positive rental experiences.

Tip 4: Utilize Technology to Streamline Processes

Property management software and online platforms streamline operations. Automated listing syndication, online application processing, and digital lease signing save time and improve efficiency, facilitating faster tenant placements.

Tip 5: Prioritize Professional Communication

Prompt, clear, and respectful communication with prospective tenants builds trust and fosters positive relationships. Responsiveness to inquiries and proactive communication throughout the application process enhances the tenant experience and contributes to successful placements.

Tip 6: Ensure Legal Compliance

Adherence to fair housing laws and local regulations is paramount. Understanding and complying with all applicable legal requirements protects property owners and tenants while ensuring ethical and fair practices.

Tip 7: Focus on Property Presentation and Maintenance

Maintaining a clean, well-maintained property enhances its appeal and attracts quality tenants. Regular maintenance, prompt repairs, and attention to curb appeal create a positive impression and contribute to tenant satisfaction.

Implementing these strategies contributes significantly to successful tenant placement. A proactive approach to marketing, screening, and communication helps property managers secure reliable occupants and maximize returns for property owners.

These tips provide valuable guidance for optimizing tenant placement strategies. The following conclusion summarizes the key takeaways and reinforces the importance of professional property management in securing and retaining quality tenants.

Conclusion

Securing suitable tenants is a multifaceted process crucial to the success of any rental property. This exploration has highlighted the integral role property managers play in navigating this complex landscape. From marketing vacancies and screening applicants to lease execution and ongoing tenant communication, property managers provide expertise and resources that streamline operations, mitigate risks, and maximize returns for property owners. Effective tenant placement requires not only finding occupants but also ensuring their suitability and reliability, contributing to long-term tenancy and property value appreciation. The detailed examination of marketing strategies, legal compliance, rent collection practices, and property maintenance underscores the comprehensive approach property managers employ to achieve these objectives. Ultimately, successful tenant acquisition requires a proactive, informed approach, balancing the needs of property owners with the rights and expectations of tenants.

The increasing complexity of the rental market necessitates professional expertise to navigate legal requirements, market dynamics, and tenant relationships effectively. Property managers provide a crucial link between property owners and tenants, fostering mutually beneficial agreements and contributing to the stability of the rental market. As the demand for rental properties continues to evolve, the role of property managers in securing and retaining qualified tenants will remain essential for maximizing property value and ensuring long-term success in the rental industry.