Municipal annexation is the legal process by which a city expands its boundaries to incorporate adjacent unincorporated land. This process can involve residential, commercial, or industrial properties, and is typically initiated by the city, though property owners sometimes petition for inclusion. For example, a city might annex a bordering suburban area experiencing rapid growth.
Expansion of city limits provides several potential advantages for both the municipality and the newly incorporated residents. Cities gain an expanded tax base and greater control over land use planning, enabling infrastructure development and service provision. Newly annexed residents often gain access to city services such as water, sewer, and trash collection, as well as police and fire protection. Historically, annexation has been a key driver of urban growth and development, shaping the landscape of many metropolitan areas. The legal framework governing this process varies by jurisdiction and is often subject to specific regulatory procedures.
