Jasper and sard are opaque varieties of chalcedony, a microcrystalline form of quartz. Jasper exhibits a wide range of colors and patterns due to varied mineral inclusions, producing hues from earthy browns and reds to vibrant greens and blues. Sard, in contrast, typically displays reddish-brown hues, ranging from a pale, fleshy tone to a deep, brownish-red, often likened to carnelian but generally darker.
These gemstones hold historical and cultural significance. Their durability and vibrant colors made them popular choices for ornamentation and decorative arts in ancient civilizations. Evidence of their use can be found in jewelry, seals, and inlays dating back millennia. Variations in shade and pattern often influenced symbolic interpretations, associating specific colors with particular properties or deities.
