Submerged groves represent a significant concern for citrus cultivation. When orchards experience flooding, whether due to excessive rainfall, rising water tables, or coastal inundation, the health and productivity of the trees are severely compromised. Prolonged submersion deprives roots of oxygen, leading to root rot and decline. Additionally, floodwaters can carry contaminants and pathogens that further exacerbate the stress on the trees.
The impact of flooded orchards extends beyond immediate crop losses. The economic consequences can be devastating for growers, impacting regional economies reliant on citrus production. Furthermore, the loss of established groves represents a substantial investment in time and resources. Historically, effective drainage systems have been crucial for mitigating the risks associated with excess water, but climate change and extreme weather events pose increasing challenges. Understanding the physiological responses of citrus trees to flooding is essential for developing strategies to enhance their resilience.